Vinegar

Vinegar is dilute acetic acid used in food. Small amounts with meals appear in glycemic research. Not a fat-loss miracle.

Acetate and atherosclerosis

In ApoE-deficient mice given oral sodium acetate for 12 weeks, plaque area and necrotic-core size in the aortic root were significantly smaller than in vehicle-treated mice, with acetate activating AMPK in plaque macrophages via the GPR43 receptor, reducing macrophage proliferation, inflammatory cytokine release (MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β), and oxidative stress. This is a mouse model given purified sodium acetate, not a human trial of dietary vinegar, but it identifies acetate (the active compound in vinegar) as a plausible mechanism worth further human study.

Practice

Food use. See Digestion, Sugar, Diabetes.

See also

• Digestion
• Sugar
• Acetic acid